Research

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Use of Outcome Measures in Physical Therapy

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A Core Set of Outcome Measures for Adults With Neurologic Conditions Undergoing Rehabilitation: A CLINICAL PRACTICE GUIDELINE

Clinical Impact: Neurorehabilitation success is impacted by the use of a core set of outcome measures, supporting better tracking of patient progress, improved communication among clinicians and patients, and the ability to evaluate the effectiveness of interventions.

Moore JL, Potter K, Blankshain K, Kaplan SL, OʼDwyer LC, Sullivan JE. A Core Set of Outcome Measures for Adults With Neurologic Conditions Undergoing Rehabilitation: A CLINICAL PRACTICE GUIDELINE. J Neurol Phys Ther. 2018 Jul;42(3):174-220. doi: 10.1097/NPT.0000000000000229. PMID: 29901487; PMCID: PMC6023606.
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Use of Outcome Measures in Physical Therapy

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White paper: "walking speed: the sixth vital sign"

Clinical Impact: Walking speed is a valid, reliable, and sensitive measure that can be used to assess and monitor a range of populations, and be used to predict patient outcomes and guide clinical decision-making.

Fritz S, Lusardi M. White paper: "walking speed: the sixth vital sign" [published correction appears in J Geriatr Phys Ther. 2009;32(3):110]. J Geriatr Phys Ther. 2009;32(2):46-49.
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Motor Learning

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Principles of experience-dependent neural plasticity: implications for rehabilitation after brain damage

Clinical Impact: The brain's ability to reorganize itself through learning is the foundation for recovery after brain damage; therefore, therapy should focus on task-specific training that incorporates the principles of neural plasticity to promote functional improvement.

Kleim JA, Jones TA. Principles of experience-dependent neural plasticity: implications for rehabilitation after brain damage. J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2008;51(1):S225-S239. doi:10.1044/1092-4388(2008/018)
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Stroke

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Canadian Stroke Best Practice Recommendations: Rehabilitation, Recovery, and Community Participation following Stroke. Part One

Clinical Impact: a comprehensive, evidence-based approach to neurorehabilitation emphasizes the importance of early intervention, interdisciplinary collaboration, patient-centered care, and functional task training, all of which are key factors in maximizing recovery and improving community participation for people who have experienced a stroke.

Teasell R, et al.  Canadian Stroke Best Practice Recommendations: Rehabilitation, Recovery, and Community Participation following Stroke. Part One: Rehabilitation and Recovery Following Stroke; 6th Edition Update 2019. Int J Stroke. 2020 Oct;15(7):763-788. doi: 10.1177/1747493019897843. Epub 2020 Jan 27. PMID: 31983296.
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Multiple Sclerosis

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High intensity interval training for people with multiple sclerosis: A systematic review

Clinical Impact: Integrating High Intensity Interval Training into rehabilitation programs for people with MS is a beneficial intervention when considering improvements in gait, aerobic capacity, and functional outcomes.

Campbell E, Coulter EH, Paul L. High intensity interval training for people with multiple sclerosis: A systematic review. Mult Scler Relat Disord. 2018;24:55-63. doi:10.1016/j.msard.2018.06.005
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Parkinson’s Disease

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Physical Therapist Management of Parkinson Disease: A Clinical Practice Guideline From the American Physical Therapy

Clinical Impact: The clinical practice guideline on Parkinson's disease (PD) from the American Physical Therapy Association impacts clinical approaches in neurorehabilitation by emphasizing the implementation of moderate- to high-intensity aerobic exercise and resistance training to improve various motor and non-motor symptoms, functional outcomes, and quality of life for individuals with PD

Osborne JA, Botkin R, Colon-Semenza C, DeAngelis TR, Gallardo OG, Kosakowski H, Martello J, Pradhan S, Rafferty M, Readinger JL, Whitt AL, Ellis TD. Physical Therapist Management of Parkinson Disease: A Clinical Practice Guideline From the American Physical Therapy Association. Phys Ther. 2022 Apr 1;102(4):pzab302. doi: 10.1093/ptj/pzab302. Erratum in: Phys Ther. 2022 Aug 1;102(8):pzac098. doi: 10.1093/ptj/pzac098. PMID: 34963139; PMCID: PMC9046970.
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Parkinson’s Disease

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Delaying mobility disability in people with Parkinson disease using a sensorimotor agility exercise program

Clinical Impact: A sensorimotor agility exercise program is described, to delay mobility disability in people with Parkinson's disease (PD). The program is based on a conceptual framework that identifies constraints on mobility specific to PD and incorporates movement principles from various existing exercise programs. The constraint-focused agility exercise program includes progressive levels of sensorimotor, resistance, and coordination challenges that can be customized for each patient.

King LA, Horak FB. Delaying mobility disability in people with Parkinson disease using a sensorimotor agility exercise program. Phys Ther. 2009;89(4):384-393. doi:10.2522/ptj.20080214
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Parkinson’s Disease

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Mucuna pruriens in Parkinson disease: A double-blind, randomized, controlled, crossover study

Clinical Impact: Mucuna pruriens, a leguminous plant, represents a potentially valuable and accessible alternative to traditional levodopa for individuals with PD.

Cilia R, Laguna J, Cassani E, et al. Mucuna pruriens in Parkinson disease: A double-blind, randomized, controlled, crossover study. Neurology. 2017;89(5):432-438. doi:10.1212/WNL.0000000000004175
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LSVT BIG

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Effect on Gait Speed, Balance, Motor Symptom Rating, and Quality of Life in Those with Stage I Parkinson's Disease Utilizing LSVT BIG

Clinical Impact: Early physical therapy intervention with LSVT BIG can lead to improved functional outcomes, which supports a proactive approach to neurorehabilitation by encouraging earlier referrals for physical therapy in patients with PD to address motor deficits and improve quality of life.

Millage B, Vesey E, Finkelstein M, Anheluk M. Effect on Gait Speed, Balance, Motor Symptom Rating, and Quality of Life in Those with Stage I Parkinson's Disease Utilizing LSVT BIG®. Rehabil Res Pract. 2017;2017:9871070. doi:10.1155/2017/9871070
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LSVT BIG

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LSVT-BIG Improves UPDRS III Scores at 4 Weeks in Parkinson's Disease Patients with Wearing Off: A Prospective, Open-Label Study

Clinical Impact: LSVT-BIG is a viable option for managing motor symptoms in PD patients with wearing off of medications.

Ueno T, Sasaki M, Nishijima H, et al. LSVT-BIG Improves UPDRS III Scores at 4 Weeks in Parkinson's Disease Patients with Wearing Off: A Prospective, Open-Label Study. Parkinsons Dis. 2017;2017:8130140. doi:10.1155/2017/8130140
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LSVT LOUD

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Lee Silverman Voice Treatment to Improve Speech in Parkinson's Disease: A Systemic Review and Meta-Analysis

Clinical Impact: LSVT is an effective speech therapy intervention for individuals with PD, improving vocal loudness and communication, and supports the clinical approach of prioritizing the LSVT method in speech therapy.

Pu T, Huang M, Kong X, Wang M, Chen X, Feng X, Wei C, Weng X, Xu F. Lee Silverman Voice Treatment to Improve Speech in Parkinson's Disease: A Systemic Review and Meta-Analysis. Parkinsons Dis. 2021 Dec 27;2021:3366870. doi: 10.1155/2021/3366870. PMID: 35070257; PMCID: PMC8782619.
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Walking Training

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Clinical Practice Guideline to Improve Locomotor Function Following Chronic Stroke, Incomplete Spinal Cord Injury, and Brain Injury

Clinical Impact: Task-specific walking training at moderate to high intensities or with virtual reality for individuals with chronic stroke, incomplete spinal cord injury, and traumatic brain injury improves walking speed and distance.

Hornby TG, Reisman DS, Ward IG, et al. Clinical Practice Guideline to Improve Locomotor Function Following Chronic Stroke, Incomplete Spinal Cord Injury, and Brain Injury. J Neurol Phys Ther. 2020;44(1):49-100. doi:10.1097/NPT.0000000000000303
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Balance

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Perturbation-based balance training: Principles, mechanisms and implementation in clinical practice

Clinical Impact: Reactive balance training is strongly supported for improved locomotor outcomes, especially when combined with other interventions.

McCrum C, Bhatt TS, Gerards MHG, et al. Perturbation-based balance training: Principles, mechanisms and implementation in clinical practice. Front Sports Act Living. 2022;4:1015394. Published 2022 Oct 6. doi:10.3389/fspor.2022.1015394
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Balance

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Alteration in community-dwelling older adults' level walking following perturbation training

Clinical Impact: Perturbation training alters older adults’ spontaneous walking pattern, enabling them to improve their volitional control of stability and their resistance to unpredictable and unpreventable slip-related situations.

Yang F, Pai CY. Alteration in community-dwelling older adults' level walking following perturbation training. J Biomech. 2013 Sep 27;46(14):2463-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2013.07.025. Epub 2013 Jul 27. PMID: 23978691; PMCID: PMC3809767.
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Vestibular Rehabilitation

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An Updated Clinical Practice Guideline From the Academy of Neurologic Physical Therapy of the American Physical Therapy Association

Clinical Impact: Recent evidence supports the original recommendations from the 2016 guidelines. There is strong evidence that vestibular physical therapy provides a clear and substantial benefit to individuals with unilateral and bilateral vestibular hypofunction.

Hall CD, Herdman SJ, Whitney SL, Anson ER, Carender WJ, Hoppes CW, Cass SP, Christy JB, Cohen HS, Fife TD, Furman JM, Shepard NT, Clendaniel RA, Dishman JD, Goebel JA, Meldrum D, Ryan C, Wallace RL, Woodward NJ. Vestibular Rehabilitation for Peripheral Vestibular Hypofunction: An Updated Clinical Practice Guideline From the Academy of Neurologic Physical Therapy of the American Physical Therapy Association. J Neurol Phys Ther. 2022 Apr 1;46(2):118-177. doi: 10.1097/NPT.0000000000000382. PMID: 34864777; PMCID: PMC8920012.
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